the right, to flank Winchester, Jackson on the Middle, and Imboden on the Back road. We drove in the enemy's pickets at Bartonsville and the cavalry engaged them at 10 a. m. near Kernstown. The infantry soon came up and Wharton was moved in line to the right and Gordon to the left of the turnpike. Ramseur was moved to the Middle road. Gordon engaged the enemy in front while Wharton turned their left flank and they retreated in confusion. Johnson had engaged their cavalry on the Front Royal road, and Rodes was moved across toward Mrs. Hamiton's to cut off the retreat of the cavalry, but most of them escaped. They made several attempts to stand, but were pressed vigorously by Rodes on the right of the pike and in it, below Winchester, and by Gordon on the left. Rodes continued the pursuit to Stephenson's and the cavalry to Bunker Hill, causing the enemy to burn over seventy wagons and twelve caissons. Gordon pursued to three miles beyond Winchester. Ramseur and Wharton came to the Red Bud. Our artillery did excellent work. McCausland marched via Cedarville to Winchester and to the front at Stephenson's. July 25, after the heavy rain of the morning, the infantry marched to Bunker Hill. Our cavalry followed the enemy to Martinsburg and had a skirmish there (see plate ---*). The enemy crossed the Potomac.

On the 26th we marched to Martinsburg, and encamped in the vicinity; Rodes and Ramseur on Dry Run, and Gordon and Wharton on Tuscarora Creek. The cavalry went to opposite Williamsport. The 27th and 28th were employed in destroying the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the vicinity of Martinsburg. Cavalry at Hainesville and Hammond's Mill. July 29, McCausland's and Johnson's brigades of cavalry started for Chambersburg, which they burned (for routes, encampments, and engagements with the enemy, see plate ---*); and Rodes and Ramseur marched to Williamsport, the skirmishers driving the enemy to Hagerstown, while McCausland's and Johson's cavalry crossed at McCoy's Ford. The enemy's cavalry fired on our line of march at Falling Waters. We crossed to the Virginia side to encamp (see plate ---+). July 30, returned to Martinsburg, Ramseur by Hammond's Mill, Rodes by Falling Waters; and on the 31st marched to Bunker Hill and encamped, Ramseur northwest and Rodes southeast of there, while Gordon and Wharton halted at Darkesville (see plate ---+).

August 1, 2, and 3, we remained in camp. On the 4th Gordon and Wharton marched to Shepherdstown, via Leetown, while Rodes and Ramseur went via Martinsburg to Hainesville (see plate ---+). On the 5th we crossed the Potomac to Sharpsburg and had a skirmish with Cole's cavalry across the Antietam (see plate ---+). Rodes and Ramseur crossed at Williamsport and encamped near Saint James' College.

On the 6th Rodes and Ramseur returned through Williamsport and on to Hammond's Mill, while Gordon and Wharton marched to the Virginia shore at Williamsport via Tilghmanton. Some of the cavalry went to Hagerstown (see plate ---+). On the 7th we continued our march through Martinsburg to the camps at Bunker Hill and Darkesville as on the 30th ultimo (see plate ---+). Averell's division of Federal cavalry surprised the camp of Johnson's cavalry at Moorefield and drove it and McCausland's away in great confusion (see plate ---+). Enemy collecting a large force at Harper's Ferry. August 8 and 9 were spent in camp, and on the 10th we marched to Stephenson's

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* Plate LXXXII, Map 2 of the Atlas.

+ Plate LXXXII, Map 3 of the Atlas.

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