Today in History:

March is Women's History Month! Read the fascinating accounts of women spies hiding coded messages in women's hair, conductors of the Underground Railroad, soldiers disguised as men, surgeons, and advisors to the President!

Come back each day in March as we publish another account:

  1. Clara Barton - Founder of the American Red Cross, she provided medical aid to soldiers on the battlefield.
  2. Harriet Tubman - Known for her work as a "conductor" on the Underground Railroad, Tubman also served as a nurse, scout, and spy for the Union Army.
  3. Sojourner Truth - An abolitionist and women's rights activist, Truth recruited black troops for the Union Army and worked to improve conditions for African American soldiers.
  4. Mary Todd Lincoln - As the First Lady during the Civil War, Lincoln supported Union troops and visited wounded soldiers in hospitals.
  5. Dorothea Dix - Appointed Superintendent of Female Nurses for the Union Army, Dix organized and oversaw nursing care for soldiers.
  6. Elizabeth Van Lew - A Union sympathizer in Confederate territory, Van Lew operated a spy ring in Richmond, Virginia, providing valuable intelligence to Union forces.
  7. Rose O'Neal Greenhow - A Confederate spy in Washington, D.C., Greenhow gathered information for the Confederate Army and helped secure Southern victories.
  8. Mary Edwards Walker - A surgeon and the only woman to receive the Medal of Honor for her bravery during the Civil War.
  9. Sarah Emma Edmonds - Disguised herself as a man and enlisted in the Union Army, serving as a nurse and spy.
  10. Susie King Taylor - The first African American army nurse, Taylor served with the Union Army and taught freed African American children during the war.
  11. Hannah Johnson -  A freeborn daughter of a slave man who wrote a letter to President Lincoln encouraging fair treatment of all soldiers.
  12. Pauline Cushman - A Union spy who posed as a Confederate sympathizer and gathered valuable intelligence.
  13. Loreta Janeta Velázquez - Disguised herself as a man and fought for the Confederacy, also working as a spy.
  14. Mary Elizabeth Bowser - An African American spy who worked undercover in the Confederate White House.
  15. Belle Boyd - A Confederate spy known for her charm and espionage activities in Virginia.
  16. Anna Ella Carroll - An advisor to President Abraham Lincoln, Carroll played a key role in military strategy and policy during the Civil War.
  17. Eliza Frances Andrews - A Confederate diarist and writer who documented her experiences during the war.
  18. Sarah Rosetta Wakeman - Disguised herself as a man and fought for the Union Army under the name Private Lyons Wakeman.
  19. Julia Ward Howe - Wrote the lyrics to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic," which became a popular Union marching song.
  20. Mary Surratt - Convicted and executed for her role in the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln.
  21. Louisa May Alcott - Best known for her novel "Little Women," Alcott served as a nurse in a Union hospital during the war.
  22. Kate Cumming - A Confederate nurse who wrote a memoir detailing her experiences during the Civil War.
  23. Annie Etheridge - "Michigan Annie" A Union nurse who tended to wounded soldiers on the front lines and is one of only two women to receive the Kearny Cross military decoration.
  24. Mary Livermore - A prominent abolitionist and women's rights advocate who organized relief efforts for soldiers during the war.
  25. Louisa Cheves McCord - A Confederate writer and political activist who supported the Southern cause.
  26. Mary Ann Bickerdyke - A Union nurse known as "Mother Bickerdyke," she organized field hospitals and provided care for wounded soldiers.
  27. Sarah Morgan Dawson - A Confederate diarist who documented her experiences living in Louisiana during the Civil War.
  28. Mary Boykin Chesnut - A Confederate diarist known for her detailed accounts of Southern life during the Civil War.
  29. Emily Parsons - blind from an accident in childhood, deaf from complications of scarlet fever, and perpetually suffering from an ankle injury served as a nurse during the Civil War
  30. Mary Louvestre - former slave working for an engineer who was working on rehabilitating the USS Merrimack into CSS Virginia who stole plans and took them to the US Navy through Virginia all the way to Washington DC 
  31. "The Laundress" -  an unnamed African American woman hung laundry in such a way as to send messages to her husband in General Hooker's camp across the river near Fredericksburg, VA.