[CHAP. XXVIII.

combined with anything else meant "artillery;" in the same way a red rocket was used to acknowledge the receipt of a message, but when used in a combination it meant "infantry;" and the red and white combined meant "repeat the message," but when used in combination it meant" cavalry.

Question. Do you understand that the movements which are prescribed upon certain roads had particular reference to the information which was expressed in the preceding message, giving information in regard to movements of the enemy, or is the particular arrangement you have there accidental; is there any particular design in it?

The design was to direct the movements of the army, and was made for that special purpose. The code is so arranged that any brigade or division of the army could have been ordered to move on any particular points named in any of the messages which the different combinations represented, always provided that the communication by this system of signals could have been made; that is, that a rocket could be seen from the point where the order was given and the point where it was intended it should go.

Question. Take an example here. Here is a message: "The enemy is crossing in force at Chattanooga;" then follows a signal message to the troops: "Move on Therman road," "Move on Cane road," &c. What I want to know is whether this arrangement of message with reference to each other was a matter of accident in preparing the code, or whether it indicated that because the enemy was crossing at Chattanooga then the movements expressed in the message following were to be made. Was there any necessary connection between the two? In other words, for example, might not a message to the troops which followed some other message containing information in regard to the movements of the enemy have been just as appropriate on the occasion referred to in the first message giving information of the movements as any other message?

There is no necessary connection between these messages. For instance, if the intelligence came to General Buell, commanding that army, that the enemy was crossing in force at Chattanooga, he could, by having any of these combinations used, order his force or any part of his force to move on any of these points named. The messages themselves are entirely distinct and separate from each other, and the first might as well be last or in any other part of the code; so that the arrangement of the messages in the order in which they are expressed in the code is purely accidental.

Question. Were the different parts of your corps provided with the necessary means of using this code?

They were.

Question. Was it found necessary to use it in the subsequent operations of the army?

It was not.

Question. Explain, if you please, the alterations which were made in that paper subsequently and the object of them.

The alterations were made to direct the movements of the army after arriving at Louisville in September (2d, I think it was). The combinations were altered as well as the messages, inasmuch as I have been supplied with rockets of a different color and not requiring to use so large a number.

(The code and copy of the order presented as evidence, marked B.)

Question. Was your corps in operations at Perryville on the 8th of October last? If so, please state what stations you established, what time they were established and in operation, and what officers were in charge of them respectively.

Communication was established on the hill near General Buell's headquarters to a point immediately in front of and in the direction of Perryville and near the pike on which this hill was. This was about 12 o'clock. There was one intermediate station