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Other Names: |
Marye’s Heights
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Location: |
Spotsylvania County and Fredericksburg
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Campaign: |
Fredericksburg Campaign (November-December 1862)
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Date(s): |
December 11-15, 1862
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Principal Commanders: |
Maj. Gen. Ambrose E. Burnside [US]; Gen. Robert
E. Lee [CS]
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Forces Engaged: |
172,504 total (US 100,007; CS 72,497)
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Estimated Casualties: |
17,929 total (US 13,353; CS 4,576)
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| Description: |
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On November 14, Burnside, now in command of the Army of
the Potomac, sent a corps to occupy the vicinity of Falmouth near Fredericksburg.
The rest of the army soon followed. Lee reacted by entrenching his
army on the heights behind the town. On December 11, Union engineers laid
five pontoon bridges across the Rappahannock under fire. On the 12th, the
Federal army crossed over, and on December 13, Burnside mounted a series
of futile frontal assaults on Prospect Hill and Marye’s Heights that resulted
in staggering casualties. Meade’s division, on the Union left flank, briefly
penetrated Jackson’s line but was driven back by a counterattack. Union
generals C. Feger Jackson and George Bayard, and Confederate generals Thomas
R.R. Cobb and Maxey Gregg were killed. On December 15, Burnside called
off the offensive and recrossed the river, ending the campaign. Burnside
initiated a new offensive in January 1863, which quickly bogged down in
the winter mud. The abortive “Mud March” and other failures led to Burnside’s
replacement by Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker in January 1863.
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Result(s): |
Confederate victory
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